Deputy Director of the MIT Center for Energy and Environmental Policy Research. In his work, he focuses on climate policy design and implementation, including its intersections with environmental, energy, financial market, and trade policy. For over two decades, he has advised decision makers in over a dozen countries, testified before or briefed legislators in the United States, the United Kingdom, and the European Union, and served as an expert in several climate litigation and arbitration cases. Previously, he was a Professor of Law at the University of Strathclyde in Glasgow and President of Ecologic Institute in Washington, DC. He has helped pioneer several initiatives in the areas of climate law and policy, and is a founding board member of, inter alia, the Blockchain & Climate Institute (BCI) in London, the European Association of Climate Law (EACL), and the European Roundtable on Climate Change and Sustainable Transition (ERCST) in Brussels. He also founded and is Editor-in-Chief of the Carbon & Climate Law Review (CCLR), the first academic quarterly journal focused on climate law and regulation. Trained as a lawyer – with law degrees from the University of Constance and the Hanseatic High Court of Appeal, as well as postgraduate LL.M. and Ph.D. degrees from the University of Helsinki – and admitted to the German bar, he is a German and American citizen, and has lived for extended periods in Europe, the United States, and Latin America.